Moi Girls High School - Eldoret has a captivating history dating back to 1928 when it was first established as a European Primary School to cater to the children of white settlers in the White Highlands. Originally named Highlands Primary School, the institution underwent several transformations, reflecting the changing landscape of education in the region. In the 1930s, the school found a new home across the Sosiani River, now known as Hill School, and attempted to launch a teacher training college. Despite initial challenges, the need for a girls' high school for the white settlers led to the establishment of the present school in 1954, initially named New Girls' High School. The academic and sports triumphs during the 1950s and 1960s laid the groundwork for a legacy of excellence.

With Kenya gaining independence in 1963, followed by self-rule in 1964, Moi Girls High School - Eldoret experienced a shift in its demographic as settlers began relocating. In response, the school opened its doors to the first African students in 1965, aligning with the government's integration policy. This marked a pivotal moment in the school's history, reflecting a commitment to inclusivity. Hon. D. T. arap Moi, who became the school board chairman in 1965, played a significant role in steering the institution through this period of transition. Under his leadership, the school maintained its commitment to academic excellence and sportsmanship. His enduring chairmanship continued until 2007 when he formally retired.

In 1978, the school underwent a significant transformation, transitioning from 'The Highlands School' to its present name, 'Moi Girls' High School - Eldoret.' This renaming was a tribute to Hon. D. T. arap Moi, who had risen to become the President of the Republic of Kenya that same year. The institution, now firmly rooted in its legacy, continues to honor the ideals of its founding years while embracing diversity, academic excellence, and a commitment to shaping the leaders of tomorrow.